Synthesis and Structural Properties Characterization of HA/Alumina and HA/MgO Nanocomposite for Biomedical Applications

HAAlumina nanocomposite is biocompatible and has desirable mechanical and physical properties. Less cost, simple synthesis method, and fast production are the added advantages of this nanocomposite. Thus HA coatings on the surface of alumina substrates are used to combine excellent bioactivity of HA with superior mechanical properties of the alumina substrates. One of the elements associated with biological apatite is magnesium [1]. Mg incorporation into HAP stimulates osteoblast proliferation. Mg acts similar to a growth factor during the early stages of osteogenesis and promotes bone formation. Typical concentrations of carbonate and Mg ions in human bone are 5.8 and 0.55 wt %, respectively. Although the extent of these elemental substitutions is minimal, they are important for biological activity and interaction between bone mineral and calcium–phosphatebased implant materials by influencing crystal growth, dissolution rate, solubility, surface chemistry and charge, morphology, and the mechanical properties. By substitution of a smaller Mg ion or Al ion for a larger Ca ion, additional structural changes may be required to prevent destabilization/decomposition of the structure during heat treatment process. This can be achieved by co-substitution of a second ion, to the HA structure [2]. Thus, MgO and Alumina nanoparticles dispersed within polymer composites have the potential to enhance bone tissue formation with limited adverse degradation reactions. Taking advantage of these prior studies, the objective of the present in vitro study was to characterize MgO and Alumina nanoparticles as additive materials for orthopedic tissue engineering applications, especially when used in combination with HA nanoparticles [3]. Materials